Automated Lamellar Keratoplasty (ALK) is a type of refractive eye surgery primarily used to correct severe cases of nearsightedness (myopia). It involves removing a thin layer of corneal tissue to reshape the eye’s surface, improving the way light focuses on the retina. Unlike LASIK, ALK doesn’t use a laser. Instead, it uses a microkeratome blade to cut and reshape the cornea. ALK was more common before the widespread adoption of laser-based techniques.
ALK is performed using a precision surgical instrument called a microkeratome. The surgeon first creates a thin corneal flap, then removes a disc-shaped portion of tissue from the deeper corneal layer to correct the refractive error. This process alters the curvature of the cornea, allowing light to focus more accurately on the retina, resulting in clearer vision. ALK is generally used for patients with high myopia not suitable for laser vision correction.
ALK offers a non-laser solution for people with high degrees of nearsightedness. It can be an effective option for those who are not candidates for LASIK or PRK due to extremely thin corneas or other limitations. The procedure is relatively quick and provides immediate improvement in vision for many patients. Because it uses mechanical instruments rather than lasers, it may also be more accessible in areas where laser technology is limited.
Despite its benefits, ALK is largely considered outdated compared to LASIK. It tends to be less precise, with a higher risk of complications and regression of vision over time. Visual outcomes are not as predictable as those with laser-based procedures. Additionally, ALK cannot treat astigmatism effectively. Because LASIK offers better customization, faster recovery, and greater long-term stability, it has largely replaced ALK in modern refractive surgery.
1. Local anesthetic drops numb the eye.
2. A microkeratome is used to create a corneal flap.
3. The flap is lifted, and a second pass of the blade removes a deeper disc of corneal tissue.
4. The corneal flap is repositioned without stitches.
5. A protective shield is placed over the eye to aid healing.
Recovery after ALK is relatively quick but varies by individual. Most patients experience improved vision within a few days, though fluctuations are common during the healing process. Patients may experience mild discomfort, tearing, or light sensitivity initially. It’s essential to avoid rubbing the eyes and follow post-operative care instructions closely. Follow-up visits help monitor healing and ensure the cornea remains properly aligned and free of complications.
