Blepharitis is a common eye condition involving inflammation of the eyelids, particularly where the eyelashes grow. It can affect both eyes and often occurs when the tiny oil glands at the base of the lashes become clogged. This leads to irritated, red, and itchy eyelids. While uncomfortable, blepharitis is not contagious and rarely causes permanent damage to eyesight.
Blepharitis can be caused by various factors, including bacterial infections, clogged oil glands, dandruff of the scalp or eyebrows, and skin conditions like rosacea. Allergies and eyelash mites may also contribute. Poor eyelid hygiene and prolonged use of eye makeup can increase the risk, making regular cleaning essential for prevention.
Typical symptoms of blepharitis include red, swollen eyelids, a gritty or burning sensation in the eyes, excessive tearing, crusting around the eyelashes, and sensitivity to light. Some individuals may also experience blurred vision or the feeling of having something stuck in the eye. These symptoms can fluctuate in intensity and may become chronic if left untreated.
Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and controlling the underlying causes. Regular eyelid cleaning using warm compresses and gentle scrubbing with diluted baby shampoo or prescribed cleansers is often recommended. In more severe cases, antibiotics—either topical or oral—may be prescribed. Managing related skin conditions and using artificial tears can also provide relief.
Maintaining daily eyelid hygiene is key to managing and preventing blepharitis flare-ups. Start with warm compresses to loosen crusts and debris, followed by gentle cleaning along the lash line with a soft cloth or cotton swab. Avoid using makeup during active flare-ups, and always remove eye makeup thoroughly before bed.
You should consult an eye care professional if symptoms persist despite good hygiene or if you experience eye pain, vision changes, or severe swelling. Early medical intervention can help prevent complications like styes, chalazia, or long-term damage to the eyelid or cornea. Regular check-ups can also ensure appropriate management of chronic cases.
