Bloodshot eyes occur when the small blood vessels on the surface of the eye become enlarged and congested with blood. This gives the white part of the eye a red or pink appearance. While it’s often harmless, bloodshot eyes can also indicate irritation, dryness, or an underlying medical condition that may need attention.
Bloodshot eyes can be triggered by a range of factors including allergies, lack of sleep, eye strain, smoke exposure, dry air, or excessive screen time. Environmental irritants or rubbing the eyes frequently can also lead to redness. Identifying and addressing the root cause is essential for relief and preventing recurrence.
Eye infections such as conjunctivitis (pink eye), blepharitis, and keratitis are common causes of red eyes. These infections result from bacteria, viruses, or fungi and often lead to redness, irritation, discharge, and discomfort. Prompt treatment with prescribed medications can help manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Certain medical issues like glaucoma, uveitis, and scleritis can lead to persistent or severe eye redness. These conditions may be associated with pain, vision changes, or light sensitivity. If bloodshot eyes are accompanied by these symptoms, it may indicate a more serious underlying condition requiring medical evaluation.
Alongside visible redness, other symptoms may include itching, burning, watery eyes, blurred vision, or discharge. The severity and combination of symptoms can help identify the cause—whether it’s due to dryness, allergies, or infection. Monitoring these signs helps determine when to seek medical help.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For minor irritation or dryness, over-the-counter lubricating eye drops may help. Allergies might require antihistamine drops, while infections often need prescription medication. Avoiding irritants, resting your eyes, and applying cold compresses can also provide relief.
See a doctor if redness persists for more than a few days, is accompanied by pain, vision changes, or light sensitivity, or if there is significant discharge. These symptoms can signal a more serious issue like an infection, injury, or an eye disease that needs prompt attention.
To prevent bloodshot eyes, take regular screen breaks, get enough sleep, avoid smoking or smoke exposure, and protect your eyes from allergens or irritants. Use protective eyewear when necessary and keep your eyes hydrated with artificial tears, especially in dry environments or during allergy season.
