Chronic Uveitis

Chronic uveitis is a long-term inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Unlike acute uveitis, which resolves quickly, chronic uveitis lasts for more than six weeks and can lead to permanent vision damage if left untreated. This condition may affect one or both eyes and requires ongoing management to prevent flare-ups and complications.

• Chronic uveitis is often caused by autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and sarcoidosis.

• Infections such as tuberculosis, herpes, and syphilis can trigger persistent inflammation.

• Genetic factors may increase susceptibility.

• Trauma or eye injury sometimes leads to chronic inflammation.

• Systemic inflammatory disorders like ankylosing spondylitis contribute to long-term uveitis.

• Idiopathic cases occur when no clear cause is identified.

• Persistent eye redness and irritation

• Blurred or decreased vision over time

• Eye pain or discomfort, often mild but recurring

• Sensitivity to light (photophobia)

• Floaters or dark spots drifting in vision

• Excessive tearing or watery eyes

• Possible headache linked to eye inflammation

• Gradual onset, symptoms may worsen if untreated

Corticosteroids: Primary treatment to reduce inflammation, available as eye drops, oral meds, or injections.

Immunosuppressive Drugs: Used for severe or resistant cases to control immune response.

Biologic Agents: Target specific immune pathways in chronic or refractory uveitis.

Cycloplegic Agents: Relieve pain by relaxing eye muscles and preventing complications.

Surgery: Reserved for complications like cataracts or glaucoma related to uveitis.

Regular monitoring is essential to adjust treatment and prevent vision loss.

If left untreated, chronic uveitis can lead to serious complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, macular edema, and permanent vision loss. Prolonged inflammation damages eye structures, making it essential to seek medical attention at the first sign of symptoms. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are key to minimizing long-term damage and maintaining healthy vision.

You should consult an eye specialist if you experience persistent eye redness, pain, sensitivity to light, or vision changes lasting more than a few days. Prompt medical attention can prevent irreversible eye damage. Regular follow-ups are also important if you have a known autoimmune condition or history of uveitis, as early intervention helps control inflammation and maintain vision health.

Preventing chronic uveitis flare-ups involves managing underlying health conditions, following your treatment plan, and attending regular eye exams. Avoiding known triggers, taking medications as prescribed, and communicating any new symptoms to your eye doctor are essential steps. With proper care and monitoring, many patients can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of uveitis episodes.