Color vision deficiency (CVD), or color blindness, is the inability to distinguish certain colors accurately. It occurs when the cone cells in the retina don’t function properly or are absent. CVD is often inherited but can also result from eye diseases, aging, or injury. The most common types affect red-green or blue-yellow perception.
Color vision deficiency (CVD) includes three main types: red-green, the most common, affecting differentiation between red and green shades; blue-yellow, which impairs distinguishing between blue and yellow; and complete color blindness (achromatopsia), where no colors are perceived. CVD results from genetic factors or eye diseases. Severity varies, impacting daily activities.
Color vision deficiency can have genetic or non-genetic causes. The most common form is inherited, affecting the cone cells in the retina. Non-genetic causes include eye diseases, aging, injury, and certain medications that impact color perception. Exposure to chemicals or neurological conditions may also contribute.
Color vision deficiency affects daily tasks like reading color-coded charts, selecting clothes, and distinguishing traffic signals. It can impact careers requiring accurate color perception, such as graphic design or electrical work. Some individuals adapt using labels or assistive tools. Though not curable, special lenses may enhance contrast.
Color vision deficiency (CVD) symptoms include difficulty distinguishing certain colors, faded color perception, or trouble seeing shades of red, green, or blue. Diagnosis involves vision tests like the Ishihara test, which detects red-green deficiencies, or computerized exams for precise assessment. CVD can be inherited or caused by eye diseases, medications, or aging.
