Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is the inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, transparent layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. The condition is usually characterized by redness, swelling, and irritation of the eyes, and it can affect one or both eyes.

• Causes: Conjunctivitis can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or irritants like smoke or dust. Viral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and often accompanies respiratory infections, while bacterial conjunctivitis can occur due to exposure to contaminated surfaces. Allergic conjunctivitis occurs as a reaction to allergens such as pollen, pet dander, or mold.
• Symptoms: The most common symptoms include redness in the white part of the eye, itching or burning sensations, discharge that may crust over the eyelashes, especially after sleeping, and a gritty feeling in the eye. Viral conjunctivitis may also cause excessive tearing, while bacterial conjunctivitis often produces a thicker discharge.
• Treatment: Treatment depends on the cause. Viral conjunctivitis typically resolves on its own within a week, though lubricating eye drops can provide relief. Bacterial conjunctivitis may require antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Allergic conjunctivitis can be treated with antihistamines or allergy eye drops. To prevent the spread of infectious conjunctivitis, maintaining good hygiene and avoiding sharing personal items like towels or makeup is crucial.