A corneal abrasion is a scratch or injury to the cornea, the clear, protective outer layer of the eye. Even a minor scratch can cause discomfort, redness, and sensitivity to light. These abrasions can result from contact with foreign objects, accidental pokes, or improper contact lens use. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent infection and support proper healing of the eye’s delicate surface.
Corneal abrasions commonly occur due to accidental eye injuries, such as being poked by a fingernail, rubbing the eyes with debris inside, or wearing damaged contact lenses. Foreign particles like dust, sand, or metal shavings can also scratch the cornea. Sometimes, dry eyes or eye conditions may increase the risk. Even something as simple as turning over in bed with open eyes can lead to an abrasion.
Typical symptoms of a corneal abrasion include a sensation of something being stuck in the eye, eye redness, tearing, pain, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light. In some cases, the eye may twitch involuntarily or become watery. The discomfort can range from mild to intense, and blinking often worsens the pain. Any sudden eye discomfort should be taken seriously to avoid complications.
Treatment typically involves antibiotic eye drops or ointments to prevent infection and promote healing. Lubricating drops may also be used to reduce irritation. It’s important to avoid rubbing the eyes or wearing contact lenses until fully healed. Eye patches are generally not recommended. Depending on the severity, healing can occur in a day or two, but professional guidance is crucial for proper care.
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience persistent eye pain, blurred vision, excessive tearing, or light sensitivity after a possible injury. Deep or infected abrasions can lead to more serious eye problems, including vision loss if left untreated. If symptoms don’t improve within 24 hours or worsen, an eye care professional should evaluate the eye to prevent complications.
Wearing protective eyewear during activities like yard work, sports, or using power tools is an effective way to prevent corneal abrasions. Handle contact lenses carefully and never sleep in them unless prescribed. Always wash hands before touching the eyes and avoid rubbing them if debris is present. Using lubricating drops can also help reduce the risk, especially for those with dry eyes.
Most minor corneal abrasions heal within 24 to 72 hours with proper treatment. During this time, the eye’s surface regenerates, gradually reducing discomfort and restoring vision. Avoiding contact lenses and following medical advice speeds up recovery. Severe abrasions may take longer and require follow-up visits. Protecting the eye from further injury is key to a smooth and complete healing process.
