Diabetic retinopathy is an eye condition that occurs as a complication of diabetes. It affects the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, elevated blood sugar levels can cause these blood vessels to weaken, swell, and leak fluid or blood into the retina, impairing vision. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults, especially in those who have had diabetes for many years. The condition progresses in stages, starting with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and potentially advancing to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina that can lead to severe vision loss or retinal detachment.
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