The iris is the colored part of your eye that surrounds the pupil. It controls how much light enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil, acting like a camera aperture. Made of connective tissue and muscle, the iris expands or contracts based on lighting conditions. Its color is determined by genetics and can range from blue and green to brown and hazel.
Iris conditions can arise from injuries, infections, autoimmune disorders, or genetic factors. Common issues include iritis (inflammation of the iris), trauma from accidents, or complications from eye surgery. Certain systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or sarcoidosis can also lead to iris inflammation. Additionally, congenital disorders or tumors can affect the structure and function of the iris.
Symptoms of iris-related disorders vary depending on the condition but often include eye pain, redness, blurred vision, light sensitivity, and changes in pupil shape or size. Some may also experience decreased vision or see floaters. In more serious cases, the affected eye may develop swelling, tearing, or a feeling of pressure. Persistent or worsening symptoms should prompt immediate medical attention.
Treatment for iris issues depends on the underlying cause. Anti-inflammatory eye drops, corticosteroids, or antibiotics may be prescribed for infections or inflammation. In autoimmune cases, systemic medications may be necessary. For trauma-related damage, surgery might be required. Regular eye exams and early intervention are crucial for preventing complications and preserving vision when dealing with iris-related conditions.
